What is Closed Myoma Surgery? Methods, Benefits and Recovery Process

Close myoma surgery is an operation in which myomas, which are benign tumors that form in the uterus, are removed with minimally invasive surgical methods. This method, unlike open surgeries, involves surgical interventions made through small incisions and generally offers less pain, faster recovery and less risk of complications. This procedure, also known as laparoscopic myomectomy, allows the removal of fibroids while preserving the woman's uterus, thus preserving her fertility.


 

What is Closed Myomectomy Surgery?

Closed myomectomy surgery or laparoscopic myomectomy is the minimally invasive surgical removal of fibroids in the uterus through small incisions. Unlike traditional open surgery, laparoscopic myomectomy is a less traumatic procedure and allows patients to recover more quickly. In this method, doctors remove the fibroids by inserting a camera (laparoscope) and surgical instruments through small incisions made in the abdomen. The main goal of the surgery is to remove only the fibroids while preserving the uterus. This is an important advantage, especially for women who want to preserve their fertility.

Why Do Myomas Form?

Myomas are benign tumors that develop in the uterine muscle tissue. Although it is not known exactly why they occur, it is thought that some factors trigger the development of myomas.

Causes of Myoma Formation and Risk Factors:

• Genetic Predisposition: Women with a family history of myomas are more likely to develop myomas.
• Hormonal Imbalances: The hormones estrogen and progesterone encourage the growth of myomas. Changes in hormone levels, especially in premenopausal women, can accelerate the development of fibroids.
• Age: Fibroids are most common in women between the ages of 30 and 40.
• Obesity: Overweight women are at a higher risk of developing fibroids.
• Diet and Lifestyle: Eating foods that are low in fiber and fatty, consuming red meat, and drinking alcohol can increase the risk of fibroids.

All of these factors can affect a woman's likelihood of developing fibroids.

Symptoms of Fibroids

Fibroids can often grow without symptoms, and many women may not even realize they have fibroids. However, in some cases, fibroids start to show symptoms when they grow or increase in number.

Common Myoma Symptoms:

• Heavy and Prolonged Menstrual Bleeding: Fibroids can cause excessive bleeding during menstrual periods, which can lead to anemia.
• Pelvic Pain and Pressure: Large fibroids can put pressure on the uterus, causing discomfort or pain in the pelvic area.
• Frequent Urination: Fibroids can put pressure on the bladder, causing the need to urinate frequently.
• Constipation: Large fibroids can put pressure on the intestines, causing digestive problems can open.
• Infertility: In some cases, fibroids can affect fertility and make it difficult to get pregnant.

These symptoms can vary depending on the size and location of the fibroids.

When is Closed Myomectomy Necessary?

Not all fibroids require surgery. However, if they are large or cause severe symptoms, surgery may be necessary. Closed myoma surgery is an ideal option for women who want to preserve their uterus and maintain their chances of fertility.

Conditions Requiring Surgery:

• Heavy Bleeding: Myomas causing excessive menstrual bleeding and this negatively affecting the quality of life.
• Pain: Constant pain or feeling of pressure in the pelvic area.
• Infertility: Myomas reducing the chance of pregnancy.
• Fast-Growing Myomas: Myomas that grow quickly or have the potential to grow rapidly require surgical intervention may require.

Your doctor will consider whether to recommend laparoscopic myomectomy, depending on the size of your fibroids and your symptoms.

How is laparoscopic myomectomy performed?

Laparoscopic myomectomy is performed through the abdomen using a small camera called a laparoscope and surgical instruments. The surgery is usually performed under general anesthesia.is performed and is done with a few small incisions.

Laparoscopic Myomectomy Step by Step:

1. Anesthesia: The surgery is performed under general anesthesia, so the patient is asleep during the procedure.
2. Making the Incisions: Several small incisions are made in the abdominal area. These incisions are usually 1-2 cm in size.
3. Placement of the Camera: A laparoscope (camera) is placed in the abdomen and the surgeon performs the surgery while watching the operation area on a monitor.
4. Removal of Myomas: The myomas are carefully removed and the uterus is preserved. In some cases, myomas can be removed by cutting them into pieces.
5. Closing the Incisions: After the myomas are removed, the incisions are closed and the surgery is completed.

This method is a less traumatic operation than traditional open surgery and the patient's recovery time is usually shorter.

Benefits of Closed Myoma Surgery

Close myoma surgery offers many advantages over open surgery. Since it is a minimally invasive method, the recovery period is shorter and the risk of postoperative complications is lower.

Advantages of Closed Myomectomy:

• Less Pain: Postoperative pain is minimal due to small incisions.
• Fast Recovery: The recovery period after surgery performed with the laparoscopic method is much shorter than open surgery.
• Less Scarring: Postoperative scarring is minimal due to small incisions.
• Less Bleeding: Closed surgeries usually result in less blood loss.
• Short Hospital Stay: The hospital stay is usually 1 day after the surgery, in some cases the patient can be discharged the same day.

These advantages make laparoscopic myomectomy a popular option for women.

Post-Operative Recovery Process

The recovery process after laparoscopic myomectomy is much faster compared to open surgery. Patients can usually return to their normal activities within a few weeks.

Things to Consider During the Recovery Process:

• Rest: It is important to rest for the first few days after surgery. Heavy lifting and physical activity should be avoided.
• Pain Management: There may be mild pain after surgery, but this pain can be relieved with painkillers prescribed by the doctor.
• Incision Care: Keeping the incisions clean and dry reduces the risk of infection.
• Physical Activity: Heavy exercise should be avoided for the first few weeks and physical activity should be started after receiving the doctor's approval.
• Sexual Intercourse: It is recommended to avoid sexual intercourse for approximately 4-6 weeks after surgery.

The recovery process usually takes 2-4 weeks, but this period depends on the person's general health and the difficulty of the surgery. may vary.

Risks of Closed Myomectomy

As with any surgical intervention, closed myomectomy also has some risks. However, these risks are generally minimal and are rare when performed by experienced surgeons.

Possible Risks:

• Infection: There is a risk of wound infection after surgery, but this risk can be minimized with good wound care.
• Bleeding: Bleeding may occur during or after the surgical procedure.
• Uterine Damage: There is a risk of damaging the uterine tissue during surgery, but this risk is minimal.
• Anesthesia Complications: Although rare, complications from anesthesia may occur.

Your doctor will provide detailed information about the risks before the surgery and will provide you with advice to minimize possible complications. will take the necessary precautions for.

Close Myomectomy and Pregnancy

Close myomectomy is an ideal option for women who want to maintain fertility because it is performed by preserving the uterus. The chance of getting pregnant after the surgery is usually high.

Effect on Pregnancy:

• Fertility is Preserved: The uterus is protected during the surgery and thus the chance of fertility continues.
• Pregnantfertility planning: After complete recovery from surgery, pregnancy can usually be achieved within 6-12 months.
• Evaluation of Risks: Each patient is different and post-operative fertility status should be evaluated and monitored with the doctor.

It is important to follow your doctor's recommendations for a healthy pregnancy after surgery.

Risk of Recurrence of Myomas

Myomas may reoccur after surgical removal. The risk of recurrence depends on the patient's age, genetic factors, and hormone levels.

Possibility of Fibroids Growing Back:

• Age: The risk of fibroids recurring is higher in women who have had myomectomy at a young age.
• Hormonal Factors: Hormonal levels can affect the regrowth of fibroids.
• Regular Checkups: Regular doctor visits are important to check for recurrence of fibroids.

If fibroids recur, doctors will create the necessary treatment plan.

Alternative Methods in Myoma Treatment

Surgery may not always be the first choice in the treatment of myomas. Alternative treatment methods can be evaluated according to the severity of symptoms and the size of the fibroids.

Alternative Treatment Options:

• Drug Therapy: Symptoms can be relieved with hormone therapy or painkillers.
• Uterine Artery Embolization: It is a minimally invasive method that stops blood flow to the fibroids and causes them to shrink.
• Ultrasound Therapy: Fibroids can be shrunk with high-intensity focused ultrasound.

These methods can help treat fibroids without the need for surgery.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

1. How long does it take to recover after laparoscopic myomectomy?

The recovery period is usually between 2-4 weeks. However, this period may vary depending on the person's general health and the difficulty of the surgery.

2. Is laparoscopic myomectomy painful?

There may be mild pain after the surgery, but the painkillers prescribed by the doctor will relieve this pain. Laparoscopic surgeries are generally less painful than open surgeries.

3. Do fibroids grow back after surgery?

Yes, fibroids can reoccur after surgical removal. Regular doctor check-ups should be performed to monitor whether the fibroids have recurred.

4. Can I get pregnant after closed myomectomy?

Yes, closed myomectomy preserves fertility and the chance of pregnancy continues.

5. How long does closed myomectomy surgery take?

The surgery usually takes 1-2 hours, but the time may vary depending on the number and size of the myomas.

6. Is laparoscopic myomectomy risky?

Like any surgical intervention, laparoscopic myomectomy also has some risks, but these risks are usually minimal.